c.自身连接
select c1.cno,c1.coursename,c1.pno,c2.coursename from courses c1,courses c2 where c1.pno=c2.cno
采用别名解决问题。
d.交*连接
select lastname+firstname from lastname CROSS JOIN firstanme
相当于做笛卡儿积
8.嵌套查询
a.用关键字IN,如查询猪猪山的同乡:
select * from students where native in (select native from students where name=’猪猪’)
b.使用关键字EXIST,比如,下面两句是等价的:
select * from students where sno in (select sno from grades where cno=’B2’)
select * from students where exists (select * from grades where grades.sno=students.sno AND cno=’B2’)
9.关于排序order
a.对于排序order,有两种方法:asc升序和desc降序
b.对于排序order,可以按照查询条件中的某项排列,而且这项可用数字表示,如:
select sno,count(*) ,avg(mark) from grades group by sno having avg(mark)>85 order by 3

发表评论